Kalimat Aktif dan Pasif

Kalimat Aktif

Dalam kalimat aktif, Sesuatu yang melakukan tindakan adalah subjek kalimat dan sesuatu yang menerima tindakan adalah objek. Kebanyakan kalimat dalam bahasa inggris merupakan kalimat aktif

[Subject/Sesuatu yang melakukan tindakan] + [Verb/kata kerja] + [Object/Sesuatu yang menerima tindakan]

contoh:

• The teacher(Subject) teachs(Verb) the students(Object)

Kalimat Pasif

Dalam kalimat pasif, sesuatu yang menerima tindakan adalah subjek kalimat dan sesuatu yang melakukan tindakan(bersifat opsional, dapat ditulis atau tidak) ditulis dekat dengan akhir kalimat. Kita dapat menggunakan bentuk pasif jika kita berpikir bahwa sesuatu yang menerima tindakan merukanan hal yang lebih penting atau harus ditekankan kepada pendengar.  kita juga dapat menggunakan bentuk pasif jika  kita tidak tahu siapa yang melakukan tindakan atau jika  kita tidak ingin menyebutkan siapa yang melakukan tindakan.

[Sesuatu yang menerima tindakan] + [be] + [past participle(verb 3) dari kata kerja] + [by] + [sesuatu yang melakukan tindakan]

contoh:

• The students(Subject) are(be) taught(verb3) by the teacher.

	Active	Passive
Simple Present	Twice a month, Tony cleans the room.	Twice a month, the room is cleaned by Tony.
Present Continuous	Right now, Sally is cleaning the floor.	Right now, the floor is being cleaned by Sally.
Simple Past	Samadi repaired the radio.	The radio was repaired by Samadi.
Past Continuous	The security was helping the customer when the thief came into the bank.	The customer was being helped by the security when the thief came into the bank.
Present Perfect	Many peoples have visited that cemetery.	That cemetery has been visited by many peoples.
Present Perfect Continuous	Recently, Joshua has been doing the job.	Recently, the job has been being done by Joshua.
Past Perfect	Gerry had repaired many computers before he received his license.	Many computers had been repaired by Gerry before he received his license.
Past Perfect Continuous	The Chef had been preparing the dinners for three years before he moved to Swiss.	The dinners had been being prepared by the Chef for three years before he moved to Swiss.
Simple Futurewill	Sam will finish the work by 7:00 PM.	The work will be finished by 7:00 PM.
Simple Futurebe going to	Sally is going to make a dinner tonight.	A dinner is going to be made by Sally tonight.
Future Continuouswill	At 9:00 PM tonight, Josh will be cleaning the desk.	At 9:00 PM tonight, the desk will be being cleaned by Josh.
Future Continuousbe going to	At 9:00 PM tonight, Josh going to be cleaning the desk.	At 9:00 PM tonight, the desk are going to be being cleaned by Josh.
Future Perfectwill	Peoples will have completed the job before the deadline.	The job will have been completed before the deadline.
Future Perfectbe going to	Peoples are going to have completed the job before the deadline.	The job is going to have been completed before the deadline.
Future Perfect Continuouswill	Andi will have been painting the building for over six months by the time it is finished.	The building will have been being painted by Andi for over six months by the time it is finished.
Future Perfect Continuousbe going to	Andi is going to have been painting the building for over six months by the time it is finished.	The building is going to have been being painted by Andi for over six months by the time it is finished.
Used to	Jeremy used to close the window.	The window used to be closhed by Jeremy.
Would Always	My father would always make the telescope.	The telescope would always be made by my father.
Future in the Past Would	You knew Nathan would finish the job by 4:00 PM.	You knew the job would be finished by 4:00 PM.
Future in the Past Was Going to	We thought Sarah was going to make a dinner tonight.	We thought a dinner was going to be made by Sarah tonig

Article

Royal baby name revealed: Princess Charlotte Elizabeth Diana

The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge have named their daughter Charlotte Elizabeth Diana.

In a touching tribute, the little girl, who was born on Saturday, has been named in honour of her grandfather, her grandmother and her great-grandmother.

Kate and William revealed the name of the newborn princess on Twitter early this morning, ending the frenzy of speculation and betting.

 princess called Charlotte - a name that is French in origin - is a nod to her grandfather, the Prince of Wales.

William has spoken of his deep respect for his father and the amount of time the prince commits to his charitable work. "I just really hold him in great admiration," the Duke has said.

The Prince of Wales strove to protect William and Prince Harry following the death of their mother Diana Princess of Wales and backed them as they have worked to honour her memory through their charitable connections.

They, in turn, accepted and supported him when he married Camilla Parker Bowles, now the Duchess of Cornwall.

William is protective of his father, defending him against criticism he has often faced. Naming his daughter after the prince will be seen as a clear public demonstration of his love of Charles.

Charlotte, who was born on Saturday at St Mary's Hospital in London weighing 3.7kg, is also named after Kate's sister Pippa Middleton, who has Charlotte as her middle name. In French, it means "petite" and "feminine" or "free man".

In royal history, George IV named his only child Charlotte, but she died in childbirth at 21. George III's wife was Queen Charlotte, who was born 1744.

The princess' middle names homour two women in William's life whom he greatly admires.

Many thought it likely that William and Kate would use the name Diana, though it has probably been used as one of the baby's middle names to avoid comparisons with her late grandmother.

The Duke places great importance on honouring her memory, having already used Diana's sapphire and diamond engagement ring when he proposed to Kate.

Today, the newborn was reportedly set to meet her great-grandmother, the Queen, when the family left Kensington Palace to embark on a new life in Norfolk, where the monarch is in residence.

They had introduced the little girl - the most senior royal princess to be born for 65 years - to her brother George and to their families yesterday.

The newborn may herald a new generation in the monarchy, but it is customary for royals to look to their past for name ideas. The repetition of names in each generation is at least partly an effort to preserve the continuity of one of the world's oldest institutions.

Kalimat Aktif :

1. The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge have named their daughter Charlotte Elizabeth Diana.

2. Kate and William revealed the name of the newborn princess on Twitter early this morning

3. Charlotte, who was born on Saturday at St Mary's Hospital in London weighing 3.7kg

4. Today, the newborn was reportedly set to meet her great-grandmother, the Queen, when the family left Kensington Palace to embark on a new life in Norfolk, where the monarch is in residence.

Kalimat Pasif :

1. In a touching tribute, the little girl, who was born on Saturday, has been named in honour of her grandfather, her grandmother and her great-grandmother.

2. In royal history, George IV named his only child Charlotte

Source :

http://m.nzherald.co.nz/lifestyle/news/article

http://www.sekolahbahasainggris.com/kalimat-aktif-dan-kalimat-pasif-dalam-semua-tenses-bahasa-inggris-lengkap/

Structure and Written Expression (2)

Causatives

1.      Causative MAKE

Remember that MAKE can be used as a causative, a person does not perform an action directly. The person causes it to happen by forcing another person to do it.

S	MAKE	someone	Verb word
His mother	made	Him	take	his medicine

S	MAKE	something	verb word
I	Made	the machine	work

Avoid using an infinitive or an –ing form instead of a verb word after a person or thing in a causative with MAKE.

2.      Causative HAVE

Remember that HAVE can be used as a causative. In a causative, a person does not perform an action directly.

HAVE has even less force and authority than GET.

S	HAVE	someone	Verb word
My English teacher	Had	us	Give	Oral reports

S	HAVE	something	participle
I	want to have	this book	renewed	please

Avoid using an infinite or an –ing form instead of a verb word after a person in a causative with have, Avoid using a verb word or an infinitive instead of a participle after a thing in a causative with have.

Exercise

Some of the sentences in this exercise are correct. Some are incorrect. First, find the correct sentences, and mark them with a circle ( o ). Then find the incorrect sentences, and marka them with a cross (x)

1.       She made the baby take a nap

2.      Profesor Kim Tan didn’t make us typed up our lab report.

3.      Are you going to make your daughter work part time in the store this summer?

4.      I cant seem to make this dishwasher run.

5.      Patsy makes everyone do his share around the house.

6.      Tom had a tooth fill.

7.      Hve you had your temperature taking yet?

8.      They had their lawyer to change their will.

9.      I like the way you had the beautician do your hair.

10.  We are going to have our car fixedbefore we go to Toronto.

Answer

1. (x)

2. (x)

3. (o)

4. (o)

5. (o)

6. (x)

7. (x)

8. (x)

9. (o)

10. (o)



Source :
Sharpe, Pamela J. 1995. Barron's Student #1 Choice. Jakarta : Binarupa Aksara

Structure and Written Expression Section (1)

Main Verbs

1.      Missing Main Verb

Remember that every English sentence must have a subject and a main verb.

S	V
The sound of the dryer	bothers	My concentration

Avoid using an –ing form, an infinitive, an auxiliary verb, or another part of peech instead of a main verb.

2.      Verbs that Require an Infinitive in the Complement

Remember that te following verbs require an infinitive for a verb in the complement.

Agree               decide              hesitate            need                 refuse

Appear             demand           hope                 offer                 seem

Arrange           deserve            intend               plan                 tend

Ask                  expect              learn                 prepare            threaten

Claim               fail                   manage            pretend            wait

Conent            forget                mean               promise           want

S	V	C(infinitive)	M
We	Had planned	To leave	Day before yesterday

Avoid using an –ing form after the verbs listed. Avoid using a verb word after want.

Exercise

Some of the sentences in this exercise are correct. Some are incorrect. First, find the correct sentences, and mark them with a circle ( o ). Then find the incorrect sentences, and mark them with a cross (x)

1.      The prettiest girl in our class has long brown hair and brown eyes.

2.      In my opinion, too soon to make a decision.

3.      Sam almost always a lot of fun.

4.      Do you know whether the movie starts at seven?

5.      The book that I lent you having a good bibliography.

6.      He wanted speak with Mr. Goldy.

7.      He demand to know our status.

8.      The weather tends improving in May.

9.      They didn’t plan to buy a car.

10.  I intend to inform you that we cannot approve your application.


Answer
1. (o)
2. (x)
3. (x)
4. (o)
5. (x)
6. (x)
7. (o)
8. (x)
9. (o)
10. (o)



Source :
Sharpe, Pamela J. 1995. Barron's Student #1 Choice. Jakarta : Binarupa Aksara

Generasi 90an

Bernostalgia ke zaman waktu  kecil merupakan salah satu hal yang menarik bagi saya. Saya merasa beruntung karena lahir di tahun 90an, dimana orang – orang belum mengenal gadget dan tayangan televisi yang masih berpihak kepada anak - anak. Zaman dulu handphone adalah barang sangat mewah dan tidak banyak orang yang memilikinya, namun sekarang saya rasa hampir semua orang punya handphone.

Saya ingat waktu kecil, setiap hari minggu saya selalu bangun pagi dan langsung duduk di depan televisi untuk menonton film kartun, dari Doraemon, Crayon Sinchan, Sailormoon, Hamtaro, Dragon Ball, Chibi Marukochan, Digimon, Tsubasa, Detective Conan dan masih banyak lagi. Selain film kartun, dulu saya juga suka menonton telenovela Amigos dan Carita de Angel.

                                                        

Bukan hanya itu, mainan tahun 90an pun sudah jarang ditemui, seperti tamagotchi, tazos, yoyo, gundu, tamiya, dll. Selain itu ada juga perminan tradisional, seperti petak umpet, ular naga, congklak, bola bekel, lompat tali dan benteng. Jujur saja  saya ingin balik kemasa itu. Sepulang sekolah, tidur siang, lalu sorenya bermain keluar rumah bersama teman – teman.

Zaman sekarang teknologi sudah semakin canggih, termasuk permainannya yang lebih individual, seperti PS dan game online. Sehingga tidak heran bahwa anak – anak zaman sekarang sudah jarang bermain permainan tradisional. Sekarang tayangan televisi pun kebanyakan sinetron dan acara gosip, film kartun sudah jarang ada, tidak seperti dulu, padahal bukan anak – anak saja yang senang menonton film kartun, orang dewasa pun juga banyak yang senang menonton fim kartun.

Saya rindu pada masa kanak – kanak saya, bagaimana dengan kalian?